Easy Electric Supply-cable

12/04/2024

The first step in making a copper conductor: thinning the copper conductor

12/04/2024

22/03/2024

Continuing from the previous article on solar power
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2. *****Selection of AC Cables***********
To reduce system costs, PV systems nowadays rarely configure modules and inverters at a 1:1 ratio. Instead, they design a certain amount of oversizing based on sunlight conditions, project requirements, etc. For example, for a 110KW module, a 100KW inverter is selected, calculated with a 1.1 times oversizing on the inverter's AC side, resulting in a maximum AC output current of approximately 158A. AC cables are selected based on the maximum output current of the inverter. Regardless of how much the modules are oversized, the AC input current of the inverter will never exceed the maximum output current of the inverter.
Commonly used PV system AC copper cables include copper-core PVC-insulated flexible telecommunications cables and cross-linked polyethylene insulated cables. When selecting, pay attention to the voltage level, temperature rating, and choose flame-retardant types. Cable specifications are represented by core numbers, nominal cross-section, and voltage level. For example, for single-core branch cables: 1nominal cross-section, such as 125mm 0.6/1kV, indicating a single 25-square cable. For multi-core twisted branch cables: number of cables in the same circuit * nominal cross-section, such as 350+225mm 0.6/1KV, indicating three 50-square phase wires, one 25-square neutral wire, and one 25-square ground wire.

Wiring Techniques for PV Systems:
The wiring of PV systems is divided into DC and AC parts, which need to be wired separately. The DC part is connected to the modules, while the AC part is connected to the grid. In medium to large-scale power stations, there are many DC cables. To facilitate future maintenance, the line numbers of each cable should be securely affixed. Strong and weak electric wires should be separated. If there are signal wires, such as 485 communication, they should be routed separately to avoid interference. Prepare conduit and cable trays for wiring, and try to avoid exposing wires. It's visually appealing when the wires are laid flat and straight. Avoid having cable joints inside conduits and trays as they make maintenance difficult. If there are scenarios where aluminum wires replace copper wires, reliable copper-aluminum transition terminals must be used.
In the entire PV system, cables are a crucial component, with an increasing proportion of costs. When designing a power station, it's important to save system costs while ensuring reliable operation. Therefore, the design and selection of AC/DC cables for PV systems are particularly important.

22/03/2024

In recent years, the technology in the photovoltaic (PV) industry has been advancing rapidly. The power of individual modules is increasing, as is the current in strings. High-power module currents have now reached over 17A. In terms of system design, utilizing high-power modules and reasonable over-sizing can reduce initial system investment costs and the cost per unit of electricity. However, the cost of AC/DC cables in the system is significant. How can we design and select them to reduce costs?

1. Selection of DC Cables:
DC cables are typically installed outdoors. It's generally recommended to choose photovoltaic-specific cables that are irradiation cross-linked. After irradiation by a high-energy electron beam, the insulation material of the cable transforms from a linear molecular structure to a three-dimensional network structure. This enhances the temperature resistance from the non-cross-linked 70°C to 90°C, 105°C, 125°C, 135°C, or even 150°C. Compared to cables of the same specifications, these cables can handle temperature changes and chemical corrosion, lasting over 25 years outdoors. When selecting DC cables, it's essential to choose products from reputable manufacturers with relevant certifications to ensure long-term outdoor use.
PV1-F 1*4mm² cables are commonly used for PV DC cables. However, with the increase in PV module currents and inverter power, the length of DC cables is also increasing, leading to an increasing application of 6mm² DC cables.

According to relevant specifications, it's generally recommended that the loss of PV DC should not exceed 2%. We can use this standard to select DC cables. For instance, the line resistance of PV1-F 1*4mm² DC cables is 4.6mΩ/m, and for PV 6mm² DC cables, it's 3.1mΩ/m. Assuming a working voltage of 600V for PV modules and a 2% voltage drop loss of 12V, if the module current is 13A, using 4mm² DC cables, the recommended maximum distance from the furthest module end to the inverter is 120 meters (single string, excluding positive and negative poles). If it exceeds this distance, it's advisable to choose 6mm² DC cables. However, it's recommended that the distance from the furthest module end to the inverter should not exceed 170 meters.

15/03/2024

Bare Overhead Conductor(AAC,AAAC,ACSR,ACAR.ACCC)

14/03/2024

0.6/1 kV Multi-core cables, PVC insulated, unarmoured with copper conductor
1.Application :
These cables are intended for fixed installations, indoors and outdoors, in low voltage electricity systems. They are normally used for the distribution of electrical energy in urban networks, power or switching stations, industrial plants, as well as in switchgears, in applications where there is no risk of mechanical damage
2.Standards :
IEC 60502-1 / IEC 60228
3.Construction :
AL/PVC/PVC (Stranded Aluminum Conductors, PVC Insulated and PVC Sheathed)

13/03/2024

Ship out

13/03/2024

0.6/1 kV Single-core cables, PVC insulated, unarmoured with copper conductor
1. Application :
These cables are intended for fixed installations, indoors and outdoors, in low voltage electricity systems. They are normally used forthe distribution of electrical energy in urban networks, power or switching stations, industrial plants, as well as in switchgears, in applications where there is a risk of mechanical damage.
2. Standards :
IEC 60502-1 / IEC 60228
3. Construction :
CU/PVC/PVC (Stranded Copper Conductors, PVC Insulated and PVC Sheathed)

13/03/2024

AACSR-Aluminum Alloy Conductor Steel Reinforced
1. Application :
Aluminum Alloy Conductor Steel Reinforced is widely used in power transmission lines with various voltage levels.It can be used as large span conductor,heavy ice wire or overhead communications wire,ground wire.The temperature for continuous use can be up to 90°C,heat-resistance AACSR can be up to 150°C and above.It has high current carrying capacity,variable steel core stranding enables the designed strength to be achieved without sacrificing ampacity.
2. Standards :
ASTM B711,DIN 48206,IEC 61089
3. Construction :
AACSR is a concentrically stranded conductor composed of one or more layers of Aluminium -Magnesium -Silicon Alloy wire stranded around a high strength coated steel core. The core can be of either single wire or stranded multi wire. AACSR is available with steel core of Class A, B or C galvanizing or Aluminium clad (AW). Additional corrosion protection is available through the application of grease to the core or infusion of the complete cable with grease.

13/03/2024

AAAC-All Aluminum Alloy Conductor
1. Application :
AAAC – All Aluminum Alloy Conductor is used for primary and secondary overhead transmission and distribution services. This has been designed utilizing a high-strength aluminum alloy to achieve a high strength-to-weight ratio and better sag characteristic. The conductor has a higher resistance to corrosion than ACSR.
1. Standards :
ASTM B399, AS1531, IEC 61089, DIN 48201, BS 3242; NFC34215, SS4240814
3. Construction :
Stranded 6201-T81 high strength aluminum conductors, conforming to ASTM specifications B399 are concentriclay-stranded, similar in construction and appearance to 1350 aluminum alloy grade aluminum conductors, and has a greater resistance to abrasion than conductors of 1350 aluminum alloy