25/07/2016
Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor, A. gangeticus, A. oleraceus)
English: amaranthus, Chinese spinach, edible amaranth, wild blite, careless w**d
"Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor, A. gangeticus, A. oleraceus)
Fig 1. Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor, A. gangeticus, A. oleraceus)
Arabic: napat orguani
Chinese: hin tsoi, een choy, xian cai, yin choi
Dutch - Dutch: amarant
Filipono: kulitis
French: amaranthe, amarante
German: Amarant, Fuchsschwanz
Hindi: chaulai sag, ram dana, lal sag, rajgira, chuamarsa, ganhar, kalgaghasa
Indonesian: bayam, selasih, bayem, abang, senggang bener
Italian: amaranto
Japanese: santousai
Malay: bayam
Portugese: amarantos, bredos, carurú
Spanish: amaranis, bledos, blancos
Thai: phak khom
Vietnamese: rau dên
Green-Leaved Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor, A. gangeticus, A. oleraceus)
English: amaranthus, Chinese spinach, edible amaranth, wild blite, careless w**d
"Green-Leaved Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor, A. gangeticus, A. oleraceus)"
Fig 2. Green-Leaved Amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor, A. gangeticus, A. oleraceus)
Arabic: napat orguani
Chinese: hin tsoi, een choy, xian cai, yin choi
Danish - Dutch: amarant
Filipono: kulitis
French: amaranthe, amarante
German: Amarant, Fuchsschwanz
Hindi: chaulai sag, ram dana, lal sag, rajgira, chuamarsa, ganhar, kalgaghasa
Indonesian: bayam, selasih, bayem, abang, senggang bener
Italian: amaranto
Japanese: santousai
Malay: bayam
Portugese: amarantos, bredos, carurú
Spanish: amaranis, bledos, blancos
Thai: phak khom
Vietnamese: rau dên
Asian basil (Ocimum basilicum)
English: also Thai basil, sweet basil
Asian basil (Ocimum basilicum)
Fig 3. Asian basil (Ocimum basilicum)
Chinese: hsiang tsai
Danish: basilik*m
Dutch: basilicum, bazielkruid, koningskruid
French: basilic
German: Basilik*m, Basilienkraut
Hindi: babui tulsi, gulal tulsi, marva
Italian: basilico
Malay: selaseh, selasi
Portugese: basílico, manjericão grande, amjerico da folha grande
Spanish: albahaca, alhábega
Thai: tarp hao (light green), ho lap har (green)
Vietnamese: rau quê
Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia)
English: bitter gourd/cucumber, karella, balsam pear, alligator pear, African cucumber
Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia)
Fig 4. Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia)
Chinese: ku gua, foo gwa (bitter gourd), jin li zhi (bright beautiful lychee), lao pu tao (ugly grape)
Danish: karela
Dutch: springkomkommer
Filipono: ampalaya, amargoso, paria, palia
French: assorossie, margase, pomme de merveille, momordique a feuilles de vigne
German: Balsamapfel, Wunder-Balsampfel, Bitterer Balsamkürbis
Hindi: karela, kaveli
Indonesian: pare, pare pahit, paria, peria
Italian: balsamini lunghi, pomo balsamo, caranza, vite indiana
Japanese: tsuru reishi, niga-uri
Malay: peria, peria katak
Portugese: balsamini longa, melão de São Caetano
Spanish: balsamina, calabaza africana, cundeamor, estrpajo
Thai: mara, phakha, maha
Vietnamese: muop dang, khô qua
Bitter Melon Leaves (Momordica charantia)
English: bitter gourd/cucumber leaves, karella leaves, balsam pear leaves, alligator pear leaves, African
Bitter Melon Leaves (Momordica charantia)
Fig 5. Bitter Melon Leaves (Momordica charantia)
Chinese: cucumber leaves
Malay: foo gwa yip
Vietnamese: daun peria, daun peria katak la khô qua
Buffalo Spinach (Enydra fluctuans)
English: Buffalo spinach
Buffalo Spinach (Enydra fluctuans)
Fig 6. Buffalo Spinach (Enydra fluctuans)
Malay: chengkeru, kangkong kerbau
Vietnamese: ngò ôm
Càng Cua (Peperomia pellucida)
English: (unknown)
Fig 7. Càng Cua (Peperomia pellucida)
Fig 7. Càng Cua (Peperomia pellucida)
Vietnamese: Càng Cua
Celtuce (Lactuca sativa var. asparagina, L. augustana)
English: stem lettuce, asparagus lettuce
"Celtuce (Lactuca sativa var. asparagina, L. augustana) "
Fig 8. Celtuce (Lactuca sativa var. asparagina, L. augustana)
Arabic: khass saki
Chinese: nen jing wo ju, woo chu, wo sun
Danish: aspergesalat
Dutch: aspergesalat
French: laitue asperge, l. asperge romain
German: Spargelsalat
Italian: lattuga asparago
Japanese: stemuretasu, kaki-jisha
Portuguese: alface espargo
Spanish: lechuga espárrago
Ceylon Spinach (Basella alba, B. ruba, B. cordifolia)
English: Malabar spinach/nightshade, slippery vegetable, basella, vine spinach
"Ceylon Spinach (Basella alba, B. ruba, B. cordifolia)"
Fig 9. Ceylon Spinach (Basella alba, B. ruba, B. cordifolia)
Chinese: saan choy, shan tsoi, luo kai, shu chieh
Filipino: alugbati, grana, libato, dundula
Indonesian: gendola, jingga, genjerot, gendolak, genjulak
Japanese: tsuru murasa kai
Laotian: phakkang
Malay: remayong, gendola, tembayung
Thai: paag-prung, phalpang, phakplang-yai
Vietnamese: mông toi
Chilli Leaves (Capsicum frutescens)
English: chilli leaves
Chilli Leaves (Capsicum frutescens)
Fig 10. Chilli Leaves (Capsicum frutescens)
Chinese Boxthorn (Lycium chinense)
English: Chinese boxthorn, Chinese wolfberry
Chinese Boxthorn (Lycium chinense)
Fig 11. Chinese Boxthorn (Lycium chinense)
Chinese: kau kei, gou qi
Danish: bredbladet bukketorn
Dutch: chinese boksdoorn
French: lyciet de la Chine, kaoki
German: chinesischer Bocksdorn
Italian: spina santa cinese
Japanese: kuko
Portugese: cambroeira da China
Spanish: camronera de la China
Vietnamese: kâu ky
Chinese Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)
English: Chinese kale, white flowering broccoli, kailan
Chinese Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)
Fig 12. Chinese Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra)
Chinese: g*i lan, gaai laan, kai laan, kailan, jie lan, kai lan tsoi, gelancai, chair lan
Danish: kailan-kal
Dutch: kailan
Filipino: g*ilon
French: kailan
Japanese: kairan
Laotian: phakkhana
Malay: kai lan
Portugese: kailan
Thai: phakkhana
Vietnamese: cai rô
Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis)
English: wong bok, celery cabbage, Chinese leaves, napa, Peking/Shantung, Tientsin cabbage, pe-tsai, michihili
Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis)
Fig 13. Chinese Cabbage (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis)
Chinese: da bai cai, pe-tsai,jie-jin bai cai, shu-tsoi, wong bok, wong nga pak (yellow spouted white)
Danish: kinakal, Kinesisk kal
Dutch: Chinesekool
Filipino: baguio
French: chou de Chine, chou de Shanton, pé-tsai, chou chinois
German: Pekingkohl, Schantungkohl, Chinakohl
Italian: cavolo di Cina, c. cinese
Japanese: hakusai
Malay: kubis cina, kubis panjang, sawi pahit
Portugese: couve chinesa, couve da China, repolho chines, petsai
Russian: kapusta kitajskaja
Spanish: col de China, repollo chino
Vietnamese: cai bap thao
Chinese Celery (Apium graveolens var. dulce)
English: Chinese celery Chinese Celery (Apium graveolens var. dulce)
Fig 14. Chinese Celery (Apium graveolens var. dulce)
Arabic: karafs
Chinese: qin cai, kun choy, kan tsoi
Danish: blegsselleri, bladselleri
Dutch: bleekselderij
Filipino: kinchai
French: céleri à côtés, c. à branchir
German: Bleichsellerie, Stangensellerie
Hindi: ajmond, bari ajmond, ajmud
Italian: sedano, s. da coste
Japanese: seri-na
Malay: saderi, daun saderi Cina
Portugese: aipo, a. haortense, a. de talos, salsão
Russian: selderej cereskovyj
Spanish: aapio blanco, a. autoblanqueable, a. de tallo
Thai: teng chai
Vietnamese: cân tàu
Chinese Chard (Brassica rapa var. chinensis)
English: Chinese white cabbage, Chinese mustard, celery mustard
Chinese Chard (Brassica rapa var. chinensis)
Fig 15. Chinese Chard (Brassica rapa var. chinensis)
Chinese: bok choy, pak tsoi, baak choi, bai cai (white vegetable), tsing pak choi
Danish: pak-choi
Dutch: pakchoi
Filipino: petsay, pechay
French: pak-choi
German: Pakchoi
Indonesian: petsai, sesawi putih, pecal, pecai, samho
Japanese: shakushina (white stemmed), pakchoi, tai-si
Laotian: hach us
Malay: sawi puhit
Portugese: pakchoi
Spanish: pakchoi
Thai: phakkaat farang, ang chaithao
Vietnamese: cai Thuong Hai
Baby Chinese Chard (Brassica rapa var. chinensis)
English: Chinese white cabbage, Chinese mustard, celery mustard
Baby Chinese Chard (Brassica rapa var. chinensis)
Fig 16. Baby Chinese Chard (Brassica rapa var. chinensis)
Chinese: bok choy, pak tsoi, baak choi, bai cai (white vegetable), tsing pak choi
Danish: pak-choi
Dutch: pakchoi
Filipino: petsay, pechay
French: pak-choi
German: Pakchoi
Indonesian: petsai, sesawi putih, pecal, pecai, samho
Japanese: shakushina (white stemmed), pakchoi, tai-si
Laotian: hach us
Malay: sawi puhit
Portugese: pakchoi
Spanish: pakchoi
Thai: phakkaat farang, ang chaithao
Vietnamese: cai trang laon
Shanghai Chinese Chard (Brassica rapa var. chinensis)
English: Shanghai Chinese chard
Shanghai Chinese Chard (Brassica rapa var. chinensis)
Fig 17. Shanghai Chinese Chard (Brassica rapa var. chinensis)
Chinese: Shanghai pak tsoi, qing cai (green vegetable)
Japanese: chingensai (green stemmed)
Chinese Flowering Cabbage (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis)
English: Chinese soup green, white flowering cabbage, mock pak choy, choy sum
Chinese Flowering Cabbage (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis)
Fig 18. Chinese Flowering Cabbage (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis)
Chinese: choy sum, cai xin, cai tai
Dutch: choy sum
French: choy sum
Japanese: saishin
Malay: sawi b**ga, sawi manis
Portugese: choy sum
Thai: pakauyai (white), pakaukeo (green)
Vietnamese: cai ngot
Baby Chinese Flowering Cabbage (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis)
English: Chinese soup green, white flowering cabbage, mock pak choy, choy sum
Baby Chinese Flowering Cabbage (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis)
Fig 19. Baby Chinese Flowering Cabbage (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis)
Chinese: choy sum, pak choy sum (white), cai xin, cai tai
Dutch: choy sum
French: choy sum
Japanese: saishin
Malay: sawi b**ga, sawi manis
Portugese: choy sum
Thai: pakauyai (white), pakaukeo (green)
Vietnamese: cai ngot
White Chinese Flowering Cabbage (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis)
English: Chinese soup green, white flowering cabbage, mock pak choy, white choy sum
White Chinese Flowering Cabbage (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis)
Fig 20. White Chinese Flowering Cabbage (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis)
Chinese: pak choy sum (white), cai xin, cai tai
Dutch: choy sum
French: choy sum
Japanese: saishin
Malay: sawi b**ga, sawi manis
Portugese: choy sum
Thai: pakauyai
Vietnamese: cai ngot
Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) 19
English: collender
Coriander (Coriandrum sativum)
Fig 21. Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) 19
Arabic: kuzbara
Chinese: yan sui, heong choy
Danish: koriander
Dutch: koriander
French: coriander
German: Koriander
Hindi: dhania, dhanya
Italian: coriandolo
Japanese: koendoro
Laotian: hong pomn
Malay: ketumbar
Portugese: coentro
Spanish: coriandro, cilandrio, cilantro, culantro
Thai: phak cheethai
Vietnamese: ngò rí
Curry Leaves (Murraya koenigii)
English: Indian curry leaves
Curry Leaves (Murraya koenigii)
Fig 22. Curry Leaves (Murraya koenigii)
Drumstick (Moringa oleifera)
English: horseradish tree
Vietnamese: chum ngây
Drumstick (Moringa oleifera)
Fig 23. Drumstick (Moringa oleifera)
Eggplant (Solanum melongena)
English: eggfruit, brinjal, aubergine
Eggplant (Solanum melongena)
Fig 24. Eggplant (Solanum melongena)
Arabic: badhingan
Chinese: ng*i kwa, qie zi
Danish: aegplante, aegfrugt, aubergine
Dutch: aubergine, eierplant
French: aubergine
German: Eierfrucht, Aubergine
Greek: petsai, sesawi putih, pecal, pecai, samho
Hindi: brinjal, bang*in, baingan, bhanta, badanjan
Italian: malanzana, petonciano
Japanese: nasu
Malay: terung
Portugese: beringela
Russian: baklazan
Spanish: berenjena
Thai: mackhera
Vietnamese: cà tím
Foo Yip (Glinus oppositifolius, Glinus lotoides)
English: (unknown)
"Foo Yip (Glinus oppositifolius, Glinus lotoides)"
Fig 25. Foo Yip (Glinus oppositifolius, Glinus lotoides)
Chinese: foo yip
Vietnamese: rau dang
Galangal (Alpinia galanga, Languas gal., Maranta gal.)
English: Siamese ginger, Siamese galanga, Java/greater galangal
"Galangal (Alpinia galanga, Languas gal., Maranta gal.)"
Fig 26. Galangal (Alpinia galanga, Languas gal., Maranta gal.)
Arabic: el-galangal, el-adkham
Chinese: hang dou kou
Danish: stor galanga
French: galnga, g. de l'Inde, g. majeur, herbe indienne, grand galanga
German: Galanga, Galgant, Großer Galgant
Hindi: kulanjan, barakulanjar
Italian: galanga
Japanese: naukyo
Malay: lengkuas
Portugese: galanga maior
Spanish: galanga, g. mayor
Thai: kha, ka
Vietnamese: riêng
Garland Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum coronarium)
English: chrysanthemum greens, edible chrysanthemum
Garland Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum coronarium)
Fig 27. Garland Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum coronarium)
Chinese: tong ho, thung ho, chong ho
Danish: okseøje, krysanthemum, kaempemargerit, vinterasters
Dutch: ganzwbloem, chrysant
French: chrysanthème, chrysanthemum
German: Wucherblume, Chrysantheme
Hindi: guladaudi
Italian: crisantemo, margherita
Japanese: shungiku, shokuyou-giku
Malay: tong ho, kek wah
Portuguese: crisanthtemo, margarida
Spanish: crisântemo, margarita
Vietnamese: tan ô
Garlic (Allium sativum)
English: garlic
Garlic (Allium sativum)
Fig 28. Garlic (Allium sativum)
Arabic: tum, saum
Chinese: da suan, suan tau
Danish: vid-løg, slangehvidløg
Dutch: knoflook
Filipino: bawang, bawany
French: ail, a.ordinaire, a. blanc
German: Knoblauch
Greek: skórdo
Hindi: lahsan
Italian: aglio, a. domestico
Japanese: ninniku
Laotian: khat thiam
Malay: bawang putih
Portuguese: alho, a. comum
Russian: cesnok
Spanish: ajo, ajo comun
Thai: khat thiam
Vietnamese: toi
Garlic Chives (Allium tuberosum)
English: Chinese leek, Chinese chives
Garlic Chives (Allium tuberosum)
Fig 29. Garlic Chives (Allium tuberosum)
Arabic: kurrat seeny
Chinese: jiu cai, kau choy, kucai
Danish: kina-løg
Dutch: knoflook
Filipino: kutsay, ganda, amput, imayyaw
French: ail civette de Chine, a. chinoise, ciboulette chinoise
German: Chinalauch
Indonesian: kuchai
Italian: cipollina chinese
Japanese: nira
Laotian: khat thiam
Malay: kuchai
Portuguese: alho chinês
Spanish: cive chino, cebollino de la China
Thai: kuichai, hom-paen
Vietnamese: he
Flowering Garlic Chives (Allium tuberosum)
English: flowering Chinese leek, flowering Chinese chives
Flowering Garlic Chives (Allium tuberosum)
Fig 30. Flowering Garlic Chives (Allium tuberosum)
Arabic: kurrat seeny
Chinese: kau choy fah
Vietnamese: bông he
Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
English: ginger
Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Fig 31. Ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Arabic: alzangabeel
Chinese: geung, tsee geung, jang ho, jiang
Danish: ingefaer
Dutch: gember, amoom
Filipino: luya
French: amome, gingembre
German: Ingwer
Hindi: adrak, ada
Indonesian: jahe, alia, halia
Italian: zenzero officinale
Japanese: shouga, myoga
Korean: saenggang, saeng
Malay: halia
Portuguese: gengibre, g. amarelo, g. das boticas
Spanish: jengibre, j. oficinal
Thai: khing
Vietnamese: gùng
Green Radish (Rapahanus sativus var. longipinnatus)
English: green oriental radish
Green Radish (Rapahanus sativus var. longipinnatus)
Fig 32. Green Radish (Rapahanus sativus var. longipinnatus)
Arabic: fejil
Chinese: cheng loh baak
Danish: raeddike, japanraeddike, kinaraeddike
Dutch: ramenas
Filipino: labanos, rabanos, alibanos
French: rave, daikon
German: Rettich
Hindi: muli
Italian: rafano
Japanese: daikon
Korean: mu
Malay: lobak hijau
Portuguese: rabao, rabano
Russian: red'ka
Spanish: rabano
Thai: hua piah
Vietnamese: cu cai xanh
Guava Bean (Benincasa hispida)
English: guava bean
Guava Bean (Benincasa hispida)
Fig 33. Guava Bean (Benincasa hispida)
Filipino: upo
Hindi: lauki
Sri Lankan: dik labu
Thai: buap khaus
Vietnamese: bâu
Hairy Melon (Benincasa hispida var. chien-gua)
English: hairy gourd, fuzzy gourd, hairy cucumber, joined gourd
Hairy Melon (Benincasa hispida var. chien-gua)
Fig 34. Hairy Melon (Benincasa hispida var. chien-gua)
Chinese: moa gua (hairy gourd), jie gua/chit chewie (node/joint gourd), tsit/tse chewie (fuzzy melon), d**g kiang (winter gourd), tung chewie
Filipino: kondol
Indonesian: bleego,beleegoo, beligo, koondoor, kundur, tangkue
Japanese: togan
Malay: kundur, kundor panjang
Thai: fak kio, faeng, mafeng
Vietnamese: bí dao
Hot Mint (Poligonum minus, P. odoratum)
English: laksa leaves
"Hot Mint (Poligonum minus, P. odoratum)"
Fig 35. Hot Mint (Poligonum minus, P. odoratum)
Malay: daun kesom
Vietnamese: rau ram
Japanese Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima)
English: Japanese Pumpkin
Japanese Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima)
Fig 36. Japanese Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima)
Arabic: qara sudani
Chinese: yin du nan gua, yü-kwa
Danish: centnergræskar
Dutch: reuzenkalebas, reuzenpompoen
Filipino: kalabasa
French: potiron, grosse courge, giraumon
German: Riesenkürbis, Zentnerkürbis
Hindi: vilayati kaddu
Japanese: seiyou, seiyou-kabocha
Malay: labu manis
Portuguese: abóbora menina, girimú, moganga
Russian: tykva krupnoplodnaja
Spanish: calabaza grande, c. gigante, c. de Castilla, zapallo
Vietnamese: bí
Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus)
English: Mexican yambean, short-podded yam bean, yambean, potato bean, Mexican turnip
Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus)
Fig 37. Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus)
Chinese: sa got, sha kot, dou shu (bean tuber), di gwa (earth gourd), lian shu (cooling tuber), fan-ko (sand creeper)
Danish: mexikansk yamsbønne
Dutch: bangkoewang
Filipino: sinkamas, b**ga, frijolnme, singkmas, kamas
French: dolique bulbeux, d. tubéreux, pois patate, patate cochon, jicama
German: Yams-Bohne, Knollenbohne
Hindi: sankalu
Indonesian: seng kooang, bangkoe-wang, beng kooway, besusu, huwihiris, benkuan
Italian: fagiolo patata
Japanese: kuzuimo
Laotian: man pau
Malay: ubi sengkuang, kacang sengkuang, singkong, beng kuwong
Portuguese: jicama
Spanish: judia batata, achipa ajipa, jícama, yuco de bejuco
Thai: man kaeo, hua pae kkua, man laao
Vietnamese: cu dau, cu san
Jute/Jew Mallow (Corchorus olitorius)
English: jute mellow, jew mallow
Jute/Jew Mallow (Corchorus olitorius)
Fig 38. Jute/Jew Mallow (Corchorus olitorius)
Filipino: saluyot
Vietnamese: rau day
Kinh Gioi (Vietnamese name)
English: (unknown)
Kinh Gioi (Vietnamese name)
Fig 39. Kinh Gioi (Vietnamese name)
Vietnamese: kinh gioi
La Lot (Piper longum, P. sarmentosum)
English: (unknown)
"La Lot (Piper longum, P. sarmentosum)"
Fig 40. La Lot (Piper longum, P. sarmentosum)
Vietnamese: la lot
Lemon Grass (Cymbopogon citratus)
English: lemon grass
Lemon Grass (Cymbopogon citratus)
Fig 41. Lemon Grass (Cymbopogon citratus)
Chinese: heong mau
Filipino: tanglad
German: Zitronengras
Laotian: thakai
Malay: serai
Thai: thakai
Vietnamese: xa
Lizard's Tail (Hottuynia cordata)
English: saururis, tsi
Lizard's Tail (Hottuynia cordata)
Fig 42. Lizard's Tail (Hottuynia cordata)
Chinese: ji cai
Danish: kamaeleonblad
French: houttuynie en coeur, hottuynie
German: Chamäläonblatt
Japanese: dokudami
Vietnamese: rau dâp cá
Long Coriander (Eryngium foetidum)
English: Long coriander
Long Coriander (Eryngium foetidum)
Fig 43. Long Coriander (Eryngium foetidum)
Vietnamese: ngò g*i
Lotus Root (Nelumbo nucifera)
English: East Indian lotus
Lotus Root (Nelumbo nucifera)
Fig 44. Lotus Root (Nelumbo nucifera)
Chinese: lin, leen ngau, lianou
Danish: lotus
Filipino: baino
French: lotus sacré, l. égyiptien, l. indien, feve d'Egypte, lis du Nil, rose du Nil, racines de lotus
German: Lotuswurzel, Indischer Lotus, Ägyptische Bohne
Hindi: kanwal, kamal
Indonesian: teratai, seroja merah, padma, pekaja
Italian: loto d'Egitto, giglio de nilo
Japanese: renkon, hasu
Korean: yon-gun
Malay: teratai, serata, ubi teratai
Portuguese: lotus do Egipto, I. índico
Spanish: loto sagrado, rosa del Nilo, haba de Egipto
Vietnamese: cu sen
Mint (Mentha arvensis)
English: mint
Mint (Mentha arvensis)
Fig 45. Mint (Mentha arvensis)
German: Minzerau
Vietnamese: hung luy
Mustard Green (Brassica juncea)
English: Chinese mustard, Indian mustard, leaf mustard, mustard cabbage, Swatow mustard cabbage, bamboo mustard cabbage, Sow cabbage
Mustard Green (Brassica juncea)
Fig 46. Mustard Green (Brassica juncea)
Chinese: daai gaai choi, chuk gaai choi, jiu la choi, jie cai, g*i cai, kaai tsoi, g*i choy, hsueh lay hung
Danish: mosterd
Dutch: Sareptamosterd, Indiaause mosterd, mosterd
Filipino: mustasa
French: moutarde a petites feuilles,chou faux jone, moutarde de Sarepta, m. jonciforme
German: Sarepta-Senf, Ruten-Kohl
Hindi: rai
Indonesian: sawi, sesawi
Italian: senape, senape indiana
Japanese: takana, karashina
Malay: sawi pahit
Portuguese: mostarda de folhas pequenas, m. indiana, mostarda vermelha
Spanish: mostaza de la China, mostaza de India
Thai: phakkat-khieo
Vietnamese: cai xanh
Okra (Hibiscus esculentus, Abelmoschus esculentus)
English: lady's fingers, gumbo
"Okra (Hibiscus esculentus, Abelmoschus esculentus)"
Fig 47. Okra (Hibiscus esculentus, Abelmoschus esculentus)
Arabic: bamya
Chinese: huang qiu kui, yong kok dau
Danish: okra, abelmoskus, gombo
Dutch: gombo, okra, oker
Filipino: okra, saluyota b**ga, haluyoy
French: gombo, okra, ketmie comestible
German: Okra, Eibisch, Gombo, Gombro
Hindi: bhindi, tori, ramturai
Indonesian: kopi arab, b**ga depros, kembang dapros, okya
Italian: ibisco, frutto d'ibisco, gombo, gombro, ocra
Japanese: okura, america-neri
Laotian: tuah lek
Malay: kacang benki, sayur bendi, kacang lendir
Portuguese: quiabo, gombro, quingombo
Russian: bamija
Spanish: gombo, ocra, chaucha turca, quimgombó
Thai: krachiap man, krachiapkhieo, bakhua mun
Vietnamese: dâu bap
Pea Shoots (Pisum sativum)
English: pea shoots
Pea Shoots (Pisum sativum)
Fig 48. Pea Shoots (Pisum sativum)
Chinese: dow miao
Japanese: tohbyo
Thai: yur tuah
Vietnamese: dot sau hòa lan
Pennywort (Centella asiatica)
English: Indian pennywort
Pennywort (Centella asiatica)
Fig 49. Pennywort (Centella asiatica)
Laotian: pkhark nork
Thai: bopop
Vietnamese: rau má
Perilla (Perilla frutescens)
English: beefsteak plant/leaf
Perilla
Fig 50. Perilla (Perilla frutescens)
Chinese: gee so, jen
Korean: kkaennip, kkaennip namul, tulkkae
Japanese: shiso (green), aka shiso (red)
Vietnamese: tía tô
Pumpkin Leaves (Cucurbita maxima)
English: pumpkin leaves
Pumpkin Leaves (Cucurbita maxima)
Fig 51. Pumpkin Leaves (Cucurbita maxima)
Vietnamese: dot bi
Ridged Luffa (Luffa acutangula)
English: angled luffa, Chinese okra, vegetable gourd, strainer vine, ridged gourd
Ridged Luffa (Luffa acutangula)
Fig 52. Ridged Luffa (Luffa acutangula)
Arabic: bamya seeny
Chinese: ling jiao si gua, you lin si gua (angled silk gourd), sze gwa, sigua
Danish: kantagurk
Filipino: patola
French: concombre papeng*ie, papngaye, eponge vegetale torcho
Hindi: kalitori, jhingta tori
Indonesian: ewes, petola, gambas, ketala manis, oyong, jingi
Japanese: togado hechima
Malay: petola segi, ketola
Portuguese: lufa riscada, gousalim, bucha de purga
Spanish: calabaza de aristas, dringi
Vietnamese: muóp khia
Shallots (Allium cepa var. aggregatum, A. ascalonicum)
English: potato onion, multiplier onion
"Shallots (Allium cepa var. aggregatum, A. ascalonicum)"
Fig 53. Shallots (Allium cepa var. aggregatum, A. ascalonicum)
Arabic: bassal el shallut
Chinese: fen nie yang cong
Danish: skalotteløg, kartoffeløg
Dutch: sjalot
Filipino: sibuyas talalog
French: échalote, oignon-paatate
German: Eschlauch
Hindi: gandana
Italian: scalogno
Japanese: sharotto
Malay: daun bawang, bawang merah, bawang kecil
Portuguese: chalota
Russian: luk-salot
Spanish: chalote, escaluña, ascalonia
Thai: homon deng
Vietnamese: hành huong
Snakebean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis)
English: long bean, yard long bean, asparagus bean, garterbean
Snakebean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis)
Fig 54. Snakebean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis)
Chinese: dau gok/kok (horned bean), cai dou (vegetable bean), chang dou (long bean), jiang dou, chang jiang dou
Danish: aspargesbonne, meterbonne
Dutch: Indiaansche boon, kouseband
Filipino: sitao, banor, hamtak
French: haricot asperge, h. kilometre
German: Spargelbohne, Langbohne
Indonesian: kacang panjang, otok
Italian: fagiolo asparagio, f. lungo un metro, fagiolino asparago, fagioletto americano
Japanese: juroku-sasage
Malay: kacang belut, kacang panjang hijau, kacang perut ayam
Portuguese: feijao chicote, feijao a metro, feijao frade alfange
Spanish: feijao chicote, feijao a metro, feijao frade alfange
Thai: tau-fug-yao, tau-afuk yaou
Vietnamese: dâu que
Snowpea (Pisum sativum)
English: sweet pea, Chinese pea
Snowpea (Pisum sativum)
Fig 55. Snowpea (Pisum sativum)
Chinese: tian cui wan dou, shid dou, hor lan dou
Danish: sukkeraert
Dutch: peul
Filipino: chicaro
French: pois mange tout, p. sucré
German: Zuckererbse
Italian: pi***lo mangiatutto, p. dolce, taccola
Japanese: kinusaya
Malay: kacang pi
Portuguese: ervilha torta, e. de quebrar, e. tipo come-tudo
Spanish: guisante tirabeque, g. come-todo, g. azucarado
Thai: tua lan tau
Vietnamese: dâu hòa lan
Spearmint (Mentha viridis, M. spicata)
English: lamb mint, green mint
"Spearmint (Mentha viridis, M. spicata)"
Fig 56. Spearmint (Mentha viridis, M. spicata)
Chinese: liu lan xiang
Danish: grøn mynte, krusssemynte
Dutch: groene munt, kruizemunt
French: baume verte, menthe en épi, m. de Notre-Dame, m. crépue, m. verte
German: Grüne Minze, Grüne Roßminze, Krause Minze
Hindi: pahari pudina, pudina
Italian: mentha verde, m. gentile, m. romana, m. crespa
Portuguese: hortelã, hortelã comum, h. verde
Spanish: hierba buena, h. santa, h. sana mentha, mentha romana, m. crespa
Thai: selernay
Vietnamese: rau húng lui
Sponge Luffa (Luffa cylindrica, L. aegyptiaca)
English: smooth luffa, dishcloth/sponge gourd, vegetable/bonnet gourd
Sponge Luffa
Fig 57. Sponge Luffa (Luffa cylindrica, L. aegyptiaca)
Arabic: luff
Chinese: tsee gwa, si gua (silk gourd), ssu-kuo, shui gwa (water gourd), man gua, (wild silk gourd)
Danish: luffasvamp, frottersvamp
Dutch: nenwa, luffa
Filipino: loofah, patola
French: loofah, eponge vegetale, serviette des pauvres
German: Schwammgurke, Schwammkürbis, Luffa
Hindi: ghiya tori, nerua
Indonesian: belustra,loang, oyong luffa, kimput, jaat
Italian: luffa, spunga vegetale, zucca da spunge
Japanese: hechima, naga-ito-uri
Malay: petola manis, petola bulat, belustra, bloostroo,emes
Portuguese: lufa, esponja vegetal, bucha, b. dos paulistas, esfregao, fruta dos paulistas
Russian: ljufa
Spanish: calabaza de aristas, esponja, servilleta del pobre
Thai: buop horm
Vietnamese: muóp huong
Spring Onion (Allium fistulosum)
English: Welsh/Japanese bunching onion
Spring Onion (Allium fistulosum)
Fig 58. Spring Onion (Allium fistulosum)
Arabic: bassal el-mustatere, bassal el-ankudy
Chinese: choong
Danish: pibe-løg
Dutch: grof bieslook
French: ciboulette, cive, ail-ciboule, ciboule
German: Winterzwiebel
Italian: cipolla d'Inverno, cipolletta
Japanese: negi
Malay: daun bawang
Portuguese: cebolinha, c. comum, c. de todo o ano, c. verde
Russian: luk batun
Spanish: cebolleta, c. comum, cebollino de verdeo común
Thai: hark korm
Vietnamese: hành lá
Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas)
English: batatas, boniato, white-fleshed sweet potato
Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas)
Fig 59. Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas)
Arabic: ba ta tah helua
Chinese: gan shu, gan ye, fan shu
Danish: sod kartoffel, bataat
Dutch: bataat, zoete aardappel
Filipino: kamote
French: patate douce
German: Süßkartoffel, Batate
Hindi: sakarkand, mitha alu
Indonesian: ubi jalor, hwi, keledek, ketela rambat, tela, bodin, ubi merah
Italian: patata americana, patata kolce, batata
Japanese: satsuma-imo, kanjo
Malay: ubi keledek, ubi kastela, ubi keladi
Portuguese: batata doce
Russian: batat
Spanish: batata, boniato, camote, papa dulce, moniato
Thai: muntail, hua mun, man thet
Vietnamese: lá khoai lang, lá khoai mony
Sweet Potato Leaves (Ipomea batatas)
English: Sweet potato leaves
Sweet Potato Leaves (Ipomea batatas)
Fig 60. Sweet Potato Leaves (Ipomea batatas)
Vietnamese:
Iá khoai lang
Tapioca (Manihot esculenta)
English: cassava, manioc, yuca, manioc, manihot
Tapioca (Manihot esculenta)
Fig 61. Tapioca (Manihot esculenta)
African: cassada
Chinese: shu shu, muk shue, pok fung
Danish: maniok, kassava
Dutch: cassave, maniok
Filipino: kamoteng, kahoy, tentu neskok, balirghoy
French: manioc, cassave
German: Maniok, Bittre Cassava, Tapioka
Hindi: tikhoors maravalli
Indian: kelala, marachini, maravalli, simul alu
Indonesian: boodin, katela bodin, obi kajoe, poohoong
Italian: cassàve, manioca, mandiòca, iucca
Japanese: imanoka
Malay: ubi kayu
Portuguese: mandioca, m. brava, maniba
Russian: maniok s'edobnyj
Spanish: yuca, tapioca, mandioca, guacamote
Thai: mun sumpalung
Vietnamese: bôsan hôt
Taro (Colocasia esculenta)
English: cocoyam, elephant's ear plant, Chinese potato, dasheen, coco, eddoe/edo, malanga, gabi, coc, kalo
Taro (Colocasia esculenta)
Fig 62. Taro (Colocasia esculenta)
Chinese: woo tau, woo, wu chai, yu, yu tou, bun long woo tau, hung nga woo tau
Filipino: gabi, aba long, dagmay, lubingan, psing
Japanese: sato-imo, kiomo, yatsugash*ta ebi imo, oya imo, serebesu
Korean: t'oran
Malay: ubi keladi
Thai: puerg, puak
Vietnamese: khoai môn, khoai so
Taro Shoots (Colocasia esculenta)
English cocoyam shoots, elephant's ear plant shoots, Chinese potato shoots, dasheen shoots, coco shoots, eddoe/edo shoots
Taro Shoots (Colocasia esculenta)
Fig 63. Taro Shoots (Colocasia esculenta)
Chinese: woohap
Filipino: tang kay ng gabi
Laotian: thoon
Vietnamese: bac ha
Thai Eggplant (Solanum undatum)
English: garden egg, aubergine, Thai brinjal
Thai Eggplant (Solanum undatum)
Fig 64. Thai Eggplant (Solanum undatum)
Burmese: kayan
Chinese: ai kwa
Dutch: aubergine, eierplant
Filipino: talong
French: melongene, bringelle
German: Thailändische Aubergine / Eierfrucht
Malay: terong
Spanish: berengena, berenjera
Thai: makeu-a kaou, makeu-a-keun
Vietnamese: cà pháo
Turmeric (Cucurma domestica, C. longa)
English: cà pháo
"Turmeric (Cucurma domestica, C. longa)"
Fig 65. Turmeric (Cucurma domestica, C. longa)
Arabic: kur k*m, zangabeel asfer
Chinese: jiang huang, wong keong
Danish: gurkemeje, Gelbwurzel
Filipino: luyang dilaw
French: curcuma, c. longue, curry, safran des Indes
German: Lange Kurk*ma
Hindi: haldi, halada
Italian: curcuma lunga, zafferano delle Indie, radice gialla
Japanese: ukon
Malay: kunyit
Portuguese: açafrào da Índia, curcuma, gengibre dourada
Spanish: cúrcuma larga, c. longa, azafrán de la India
Thai: cu**in
Vietnamese: nghê
Vietnamese Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa)
English: Chinese lettuce, leaf lettuce, curled lettuce
Vietnamese Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa)
Fig 66. Vietnamese Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa)
Chinese: sang choy
Danish: sia
Filipino: letsugas
French: lechuga
German: Chinesischer Salat
Vietnamese: xà lách
Water Chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis)
English: Chinese water chestnut, waternut
Water Chestnut
Fig 67. Water Chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis)
Arabic: el-kustnaa, el-maee
Chinese: ma tai (horses' hoof), bi qi, o-ya, peci, pitsi, po-tsai, wu-yu
Danish: kinavandkastanie
Filipino: apalid, buslig, kalangub, nilaga, potok beea beea, etjeng
French: châtaigne d'eau
German: Wasserkastanie
Indonesian: chikai, dekang, tekee
Japanese: ohkuro guai
Malay: peperetan, teeke
Portuguese: castanheiro de água
Spanish: cabezas de negrito
Vietnamese: ma thay, hat gie
Water Convolvulus (Ipomea aquatica, I. reptans)
English: tropical spinach, water ipomea, water spinach, water sweet potato, swamp cabbage, swamp morning glory, kangkong
"Water Convolvulus (Ipomea aquatica, I. reptans)"
Fig 68. Water Convolvulus (Ipomea aquatica, I. reptans)
Chinese: weng cai (pitcher vegetable), ong choi, ung choi (pitcher vegetable), tung tsoi (hollow vegetable), kong xin cai (empty heart or empty stem vegetable), ong tung tsoi
Danish: kangkong, bladgrøntsag
Dutch: kangkong
Filipino: kangkong, balangog, galatgat
French: liseron d'eau, patate aquatique
German: Sumpf-Trichterwinde
Hindi: kalmisag, karmi, patuasag
Italian: patate acquatica, villucchio d'acqua
Japanese: you-sai, en-sai, asagaona
Malay: kangkong
Portuguese: batata acquatica, cancon
Spanish: batatilla aquática, boniato de agua, camotillo
Thai: white: paagboong, phak b**g, pak boong chin
red: pak boong thai
Vietnamese: rau muong
Water Parsley (Oenanthe javanica)
English: Water Parsley
Water Parsley (Oenanthe javanica)
Fig 69. Water Parsley (Oenanthe javanica)
Chinese: sui
Vietnamese: kuncân nuóc
Watercress (Rorippa nasturtium-acquaticum)
English: watercress
Watercress (Rorippa nasturtium-acquaticum)
Fig 70. Watercress (Rorippa nasturtium-acquaticum)
Chinese: sai yeung tsoi
Filipino: lampaka, mustapa,amat, pakhoy
German: Wasserkresse
Indonesian: selada air, cencil, jembrak, gejembrak, sesawi tanah
Japanese: uotakuresu
Malay: semanggi
Thai: phakkat-nam
Vietnamese: xà lách son
White Radish (Raphanus sativus)
English: oriental winter radish, daikon, long white radish, Japanese radish
White Radish
Fig 71. White Radish (Raphanus sativus)
Arabic: fejil
Chinese: loh bok, loh baak, loh bo, lai fu, lu fu, luobo
Danish: raeddike, japanraeddike, kinaraeddike
Dutch: ramenas
Filipino: labanos, rabanos, alibanos
French: rave, daikon
German: Rettich
Hindi: muli
Italian: rafano
Japanese: daikon
Korean: mu
Malay: lobak putih, lobak, lobak isi
Portuguese: rabão, rábano
Russian: red'ka
Spanish: rábano
Thai: hua piahs
Vietnamese: cu cai trang
Wingbean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)
English: winged bean, Goa bean
Wingbean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)
Fig 72. Wingbean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)
Chinese: yi dou
Danish: goabønne
Filipino: sigarilyis, sigarillas, sigadillas
French: pois ailé, p. carré
German: Goabohne
Japanese: shikaku mame
Malay: kacang botol, kacang kelisa, kacang sirek
Portuguese: fava de cavalo
Spanish: frijol alado, dólico de Goa
Vietnamese: dâu rông
Winter Melon (Benincasa hispida)
English: wax gourd/melon, winter gourd, white gourd, Chinese preserving melon, Chinese squash, ash gourd/pumpkin, Chinese wax gurd, fuzzy melon, tallow gourd
Winter Melon (Benincasa hispida)
Fig 73. Winter Melon (Benincasa hispida)
Burmese: kyauk-hpayon
Chinese: d**g gua
Danish: voksagurk
Filipino: kondol
French: courge à la cire, c. cireuse
German: Wachskürbis, Weißer Kürbis
Hindi: petha
Indonesian: bleego
Italian: benincasa
Japanese: tougan, kamo-uri
Malay: kundur
Portuguese: benincasa, abóbora de água
Spanish: calabaza branca, c. china
Thai: phat
Vietnamese: bí bee
Yam (Dioscorea alata)
English: Chinese yam, asiatic/white yam, potato yam, winged yam
Yam (Dioscorea alata)
Fig 74. Yam (Dioscorea alata)
Arabic: batata maee
Chinese: da shu, tai shue, shuyu
Danish: yans
Filipino: ubi
French: igname de chine, i. ailée, pacala
German: Yamswurzel, Wasseryam
Hindi: ratalu, chupri alu, khamatu
Italian: igname
Japanese: daisho
Malay: ubi kemali
Portuguese: cará de Angola, c. branco, inhame bravo, cará da terra
Spanish: ñame, de agua, ñ. branco, cará branco
Thai: huabon
Vietnamese: khoaimó
