08/20/2026
🎉It's Wildlife Wednesday at The Winding Deerpath! Today we are featuring the American Bison ~ Bison bison
🦬 50 million American bison, probably the largest aggregation of large animals known to recorded history, roamed over North America when Europeans arrived. The bison formed the mainstay of the economy of the Plains Indians, providing them with meat for food, hides and fur for clothing and shelter, and sinew and horn for tools, yet their hunting activities had little impact on the bison population. Bison were
drastically reduced in number by the European arrivals and by 1889 there were fewer
than 1,000 left alive in North America. Bison now occupy small, protected areas that are tiny fractions of their former ranges.
🦬Bison were absent from Illinois for over 200 years due to habitat loss and hunting.
The Fermilab bison herd began in 1969 when founder Robert R. Wilson established the group to honor the Midwestern prairie. The herd grazes on 800-acres that sit directly atop the underground particle accelerators. They have a live we**am, and the site is open to visit. The Nachusa Grasslands introduced 30 bison in 2014 roaming over 1,500 acres of restored prairie and woodland. Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie introduced 27 bison onto 1000 acres in 2015. They have a live we**am. Burlington Prairie Forest Preserve recently introduced six bison in December 2025.
🦬 Bison live in small groups, or bands, whose basic unit is one or more females
and several generations of their offspring. Adult males live on the band’s periphery or form their own small groups.
🦬 During the mating season bulls engage in head-butting contests to determine their social dominance. The cow usually gives birth to a single calf after about nine months’ gestation. All members of the band protect the young.
🦬 Despite their bulk, bison are agile and fast, having been clocked at speeds of 40
miles per hour. Bison are unpredictable. Sometimes they can be approached
closely without causing alarm, but at other times they stampede at the least
provocation.
Artwork by .