09/01/2026
(This writing is under construction)
All About.... M A C H I N E H E A D S (rev 2.0, 9/04/26)
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Also know as... GUITAR / BASS TUNERS, GEARS, PEGS, KEYS, ETC. EVERYTHING YOU NEVER WANTED TO KNOW ABOUT GUITAR TUNERS WILL BE WRITTEN HERE.
For this writing, I will keep to calling them "MACHINE HEADS" unless I'm trying to make a specific point.
THIS IS AN ON-GOING WRITING WITH CORRECTIONS AS I WANT TO MAKE IT AS COMPREHENSIVE AS POSSIBLE. MANY PICS WILL BE COMING TOO.
Most machine heads consist of:
- a k**b,
- a worm gear,
- a crown / spur gear,
- the string post
- a post screw
- if tension-adjustable, a nylon & metal compression washers
- the main die-cast body or a plate.
- the mounting screws or a torque screw
- Locking machine heads also have some type of screw-down lock and a locking pin
Most of the more complex machine heads also have a k**b tension screw, a few washers, either a press-fit or screw-down headstock bushing and mounting screws and/or torque screw or torque pins (to keep the body from twisting under string load. Locking tuners usually have either a rear thumb screw to lock down the string in the post or a top post lock-down screw. Some bass tuners have a crown gear tensioner.
ARGUABLY, THERE ARE 6 MAIN TYPES OF GUITAR /BASS MACHINE HEAD:
1. OPEN-BACK (pics 1-6)- These are very basic tuners where you can physically see the worm and crown gear. These are often found on 70s Japanese acoustics and electrics as well as on classical guitars. Comes in either individual or strip style. Some have stamped covers for a cleaner look. Some newer more expensive versions even have k**b tension adjustment. Strip Tuners are almost always found on Classical and vintage parlor guitars as well as Kay and Harmony archtop (and similar guitars from the 1820's to the 1960's. Also included our lower priced mandolins from the same period.
2. SPLIT POST Hybrid
3. HYBRID
4 DIECAST
5 LOCKING TUNERS
6. HYBRID (Planetary, High Ratio, Cutting Edge Design
TOPICS TO BE DISCUSSED LATER:
-K**B STYLE, Tulip, Butterbean, oval, Ketstone, Kidney Bean, Imperial, L5 Ergo, Butterfly, Cloche, Wing, Square, Trapezoid, Schaller M6 style, Industrial, Deco, Spade, Dome, Modern, Clover Leaf/Lolipop bass tuners, Barrel (Ned Steinberger).
K**B MATERIALS: Metal, Plastic, Wood, Celluloid,
-RATIOS (how many times must the k**b be turned by hand to get the post to turn 1 time
-ALL ABOUT BUSHINGS
-FINISHES
-BACKLASH
-APPLICATIONS